Selenium interview question and answers | Automation quiz Challenge: WebDriver, Frameworks, & Grid

Selenium Automation Challenge: WebDriver, Frameworks, & Grid

Test your knowledge of **Selenium WebDriver, Core Locators, Synchronization, and Advanced Framework concepts**. **Pass with 80% to proceed to the next difficulty level.**

Level 1: Core WebDriver & Locators: 0/10 (0%)

Level 2: Waits, Exceptions, & Interactions: 0/10 (0%)

Level 3: Frameworks, Grid, & Design Patterns: 0/10 (0%)

Level 1: Core WebDriver & Locators

1.1 Which component of Selenium is responsible for interacting directly with the browser?

A. Selenium IDE B. Selenium WebDriver C. Selenium Grid

**Correct Answer: B. Selenium WebDriver**. WebDriver provides the API and abstraction layer for driving the browser natively.

1.2 Which locator strategy is recommended as the most reliable way to locate an element?

A. Xpath B. ID C. CSS Selector

**Correct Answer: B. ID**. IDs are unique by definition (though not always enforced) and are the fastest and most reliable locator.

1.3 What method is used to get the text between the opening and closing tags of an element?

A. getAttribute("value") B. getText() C. getTitle()

**Correct Answer: B. getText()**. This method retrieves the visible (inner) text of a WebElement.

1.4 Which method is used to pause the execution of a test for a fixed duration, regardless of element state?

A. Thread.sleep() B. Implicit Wait C. WebDriverWait

**Correct Answer: A. Thread.sleep()**. This is a static wait that pauses the thread unconditionally. It is generally discouraged in favor of dynamic waits.

1.5 Which command is used to close only the current browser window that the WebDriver is focused on?

A. driver.quit() B. driver.close() C. driver.manage().deleteAllCookies()

**Correct Answer: B. driver.close()**. It closes the currently focused window/tab. `driver.quit()` closes all windows and ends the WebDriver session.

1.6 Which locator strategy is NOT officially supported by Selenium WebDriver's By class?

A. By.partialLinkText B. By.image C. By.tagName

**Correct Answer: B. By.image**. Common supported locators include Id, Name, ClassName, TagName, LinkText, PartialLinkText, XPath, and CSS Selector.

1.7 What method is used to get the value of an attribute of an element (e.g., the 'href' value of a link)?

A. getCssValue() B. getText() C. getAttribute()

**Correct Answer: C. getAttribute()**. This method retrieves the value of the specified HTML attribute for the element.

1.8 What class should be used to handle dropdown menus created using the HTML `<select>` tag?

A. Actions B. Select C. WebElement

**Correct Answer: B. Select**. The `Select` class provides methods like `selectByVisibleText()`, `selectByValue()`, and `selectByIndex()` specifically for dropdown elements.

1.9 Which statement correctly identifies a basic CSS Selector?

A. //input[@id='username'] B. /*[@id='username'] C. input#username

**Correct Answer: C. input#username**. This selects an `<input>` tag with `id='username'`. Option A is an XPath.

1.10 What is the primary difference between `driver.navigate().to(URL)` and `driver.get(URL)`?

A. `get()` allows back/forward navigation, but `to()` does not. B. They are functionally identical, but `to()` is part of the Navigation interface. C. `get()` only works on Chrome, while `to()` works on all browsers.

**Correct Answer: B. They are functionally identical, but `to()` is part of the Navigation interface**. Both perform a standard HTTP GET request to load the page.

**End of Core WebDriver & Locators. Click "Next Level" to continue.**

Level 2: Waits, Exceptions, & Interactions

2.1 Which exception occurs when the `findElement()` method fails to locate an element within the page?

A. TimeoutException B. NoSuchElementException C. StaleElementReferenceException

**Correct Answer: B. NoSuchElementException**. This exception is thrown when the element is not present in the DOM when the find operation is executed.

2.2 What is the primary benefit of using Explicit Wait over Implicit Wait?

A. It is set once globally for the entire session. B. It waits only for a specific condition (e.g., element visibility) on a single element. C. It can completely eliminate the need for `Thread.sleep()`.

**Correct Answer: B. It waits only for a specific condition...**. Explicit waits (WebDriverWait) are dynamic and targeted, waiting only as long as necessary for a precise condition.

2.3 When an element is initially located, but the page updates and the element is detached from the DOM, subsequent interaction will likely throw which exception?

A. ElementNotInteractableException B. StaleElementReferenceException C. InvalidSelectorException

**Correct Answer: B. StaleElementReferenceException**. This occurs when the reference to an element is no longer valid because the element has been re-rendered or destroyed.

2.4 Which method is used to switch WebDriver control from the main window to a newly opened tab or pop-up window?

A. driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle) B. driver.manage().window(windowHandle) C. driver.navigate().window(windowHandle)

**Correct Answer: A. driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle)**. The `switchTo()` method is essential for handling multiple windows, frames, and alerts.

2.5 The Actions class is primarily used to handle which kind of interactions?

A. Simple text entry and clicks B. Complex user interactions like drag-and-drop, hover, and keyboard events. C. Handling dropdown menus and alerts

**Correct Answer: B. Complex user interactions...**. The Actions class builds a chain of actions that are executed using the `.perform()` method.

2.6 Which method of the `Alert` interface should be used to accept a confirmation box?

A. dismiss() B. accept() C. getText()

**Correct Answer: B. accept()**. The `accept()` method clicks the "OK" button on an alert, confirmation, or prompt dialog.

2.7 What is the XPath axis used to select the parent element of the current node?

A. following-sibling B. child C. parent

**Correct Answer: C. parent**. The `parent::` axis selects the parent of the context node. For example, `//a[text()='Login']/parent::div`.

2.8 What is the default time interval for an Implicit Wait setting in Selenium?

A. 0 seconds B. 5 seconds C. 30 seconds

**Correct Answer: A. 0 seconds**. By default, implicit wait is zero. It must be explicitly set to a positive value (e.g., `driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);`).

2.9 What is the main utility of the `TakesScreenshot` interface?

A. To cast the WebDriver instance and capture a screenshot of the current page. B. To change the screen resolution for responsive testing. C. To record the test execution video.

**Correct Answer: A. To cast the WebDriver instance and capture a screenshot...**. This interface, along with the `getScreenshotAs()` method, is the standard way to capture evidence of test failures.

2.10 Which method is generally recommended for clicking an element that is occasionally obscured or cannot be directly interacted with using `element.click()`?

A. Using JavaScriptExecutor to force the click. B. Using the Actions class `moveToElement().click()`. C. All of the above are valid workarounds for problematic clicks.

**Correct Answer: C. All of the above are valid workarounds for problematic clicks**. While direct `.click()` is preferred, the Actions class and JavaScriptExecutor are common alternatives.

**End of Waits, Exceptions, & Interactions. Click "Next Level" to continue.**

Level 3: Frameworks, Grid, & Design Patterns

3.1 What is the primary purpose of the Page Object Model (POM) in a Selenium framework?

A. To manage test data externally in CSV/Excel. B. To separate UI element locators and page logic from test case code. C. To run tests in parallel on multiple machines.

**Correct Answer: B. To separate UI element locators and page logic from test case code**. POM improves maintainability and code reusability.

3.2 Selenium Grid consists of two main components: the Hub and the Node. What is the function of the Hub?

A. It executes the test scripts. B. It receives the test requests and distributes them to the correct Nodes. C. It hosts the browser drivers.

**Correct Answer: B. It receives the test requests and distributes them to the correct Nodes**. The Hub is the central routing point in the Grid architecture.

3.3 What mechanism is used in TestNG to run the same test method multiple times with different sets of input values?

A. Listener B. DataProvider C. Factory

**Correct Answer: B. DataProvider**. The `@DataProvider` annotation is used in TestNG to implement Data-Driven Testing (DDT).

3.4 What are Desired Capabilities used for in the context of Selenium Grid or remote execution?

A. To specify the browser, version, and OS on which the test should run. B. To define the XPaths of elements on the remote machine. C. To set the explicit wait time globally.

**Correct Answer: A. To specify the browser, version, and OS...**. Desired Capabilities are key-value pairs used by the Hub to match the test request with an appropriate Node.

3.5 Which type of wait should be applied to an element that is visually present but might not be clickable yet due to an animation?

A. Implicit Wait B. Thread.sleep() C. ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable()

**Correct Answer: C. ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable()**. This explicit condition specifically waits until the element is both visible and enabled.

3.6 What is the term for running a browser without a graphical user interface (GUI)?

A. Silent Mode B. Phantom Mode C. Headless Testing

**Correct Answer: C. Headless Testing**. Headless mode (e.g., Chrome/Firefox headless) is often used in CI/CD environments for faster execution and resource efficiency.

3.7 Which TestNG annotation ensures that a cleanup action runs after every test method in the class?

A. @AfterSuite B. @AfterClass C. @AfterMethod

**Correct Answer: C. @AfterMethod**. This is typically used to close the browser after each test method completes.

3.8 What is the term for the process of using the Actions class to click an element, hold the mouse button, move to another element, and release the button?

A. moveAndClick() B. dragAndDrop() C. contextClick()

**Correct Answer: B. dragAndDrop()**. This is a composite method within the Actions class that simulates the sequence of mouse interactions for drag-and-drop.

3.9 In a TestNG XML file, which attribute is used to run multiple test methods or classes simultaneously?

A. @Parallel B. parallel C. thread-count

**Correct Answer: B. parallel**. The `parallel` attribute within the `<suite>` or `<test>` tag is set to values like `methods`, `classes`, or `tests` to enable parallel execution.

3.10 When using PageFactory for POM, what annotation is commonly used to automatically initialize the WebElements upon page instantiation?

A. @FindBy B. @Initialize C. PageFactory.initElements()

**Correct Answer: C. PageFactory.initElements()**. This static method initializes all WebElements defined using the `@FindBy` annotation on a given Page Object class.

**Selenium Basics Mastered! Click "Finish Quiz" to see your final summary.**

Final Quiz Summary 📋

Related Topics & Tags

WebDriver Locators Waits POM TestNG SeleniumGrid Automation Headless Xpath CSSSelector

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